Food & Temperature
March 31, 2006
High risk foods and the temperature danger zone Take care with high risk foods. You should:
Keep high risk cooked foods out of the ‘temperature danger zone’ of between 5°C and 60°C. Throw out any high risk cooked food left in the temperature danger zone for more than four hours.
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Intelligence
March 31, 2006
Defining intelligence is highly problematic. Is there an ‘intelligence’ that equips us to solve all kinds of problems and answer all questions, regardless of their nature? Or are there different intelligences that help us deal with particular problems and solutions? The scientific community is divided on the issue.
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West Nile Virus
March 31, 2006
West Nile virus (WNV) is a potentially serious illness. Experts believe WNV is established as a seasonal epidemic in North America that flares up in the summer and continues into the fall.
What Is West Nile Virus? West Nile virus (WNV) is a potentially serious illness. Experts believe WNV is established as a seasonal epidemic in North America that flares up in the summer and continues into the fall. This fact sheet contains important information that can help you recognize and prevent West Nile virus.
What Are the Symptoms of WNV?
WNV affects the central nervous system. Symptoms vary.
No Symptoms in Most People. Approximately 80 percent of people who are infected with WNV will not show any symptoms at all.
Mild Symptoms in Some People. Up to 20 percent of the people who become infected will display mild symptoms, including fever, headache, and body aches, nausea, vomiting, and sometimes swoissadeeb.netllen lymph glands or a skin rash on the chest, stomach and back. Symptoms typically last a few days.
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Sex Life Of Bacteria
March 31, 2006
Sex Life Of Bacteria Under The Microscope
The pressures to evolve antibiotic resistance and other new abilities in response to a changing environment, force bacteria to “steal” genetic information from other better-adapted types of bacteria through the bacterial equivalent of sex, known as horizontal gene transfer. This lets the bacteria evolve the networks of chemical reactions that enable them to do new things, such as defend themselves against antibiotics or antibacterial sprays.
Now, working with the E.coli bacterium, researchers from the University of Bath have conducted a systematic study of how bacteria change their ‘metabolic networks’. The study, appearing in Nature Genetics, pieces together the history of new metabolic genes acquired by E.coli over the last several hundred million years.
The researchers estimate that approximately 25 of E.coli’s roughly 900 metabolic genesissadeeb.net have been added into its network through horizontal gene transfer in the last 100 million years. This compares to just one addition by the most common source of new genes in animals. Why did E.Coli need all these new genes? To find out, the researchers cross examined dozens of E.coli’s closest bacterial relatives to see which genes were most commonly exchanged between them. This would bring to light the genes that have contributed the most to the evolution of metabolic networks across bacteria.
By and large, it was found that most of these genes helped bacteria cope with specific environments and challenges. Almost exclusively, the new genes were needed for new functions, not to make the bacteria better at what they were already doing. “Metabolic networks are systems of interacting proteins, which perform the chemistry with which a bacterium builds its own components,” said University of Bath researcher, Martin Lercher. “Bacteria often acquire new genes by direct transfer from other types of bacteria; in a way, that’s the bacterial world’s sex, and it plays a crucial role in how pathogenic bacteria acquire resistance to antibiotics.”
Lercher said the study was the first to examine the mechanism that allows complete metabolic networks to change over evolutionary time. “We found that bacteria use new genes not to improve their performance in the environments they already know, but to adapt to new or changing environments; and accordingly, genetic changes happen at their interface with the environment. In this way, bacteria are just as lazy as humans: why invent the wheel twice if someone else has already found a solution to your problem?”
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Phobia
March 31, 2006
The American Psychiatric Association says that a phobia is an irrational and excessive fear of an object or situation. Usually a phobic person feels a sense of endangerment. How can you tell if your child has a phobia? What can you do?
Your child might have a real phobia, not just a mild aversion to certain social or school situations, or to something else that might affect his or her comfort level in everyday life. Some symptoms of a phobia are:
- Dizziness
- Breathlessness
- Nausea
- A sense of unreality
- Fear of dying
In some cases, these symptoms can escalate into a full-scale anxiety attack. As a consequence of these symptoms, some individuals begin to isolate themselves, leading to severe difficulties in daily life.
In general, phobias are of three kinds: Social phobias—fear of social situations; fear of particular places or of being out in the open; and fears of
various specific things, such as snakes or spiders or birds.
Those specific phobias tend to be fears of the natural environment, such as a
fear of thunderstorms; fears of animals; or fears of such things as seeing blood or visiting a doctor.
How Common Are Phobias? How Are They Treated?
Phobias are the most common mental disorder in the United States, with about 10% of the population suffering from some sort of phobia. (That’s about as many people, it’s estimated, as are left-handed!)
The good news is, according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, only about 10 percent of reported cases become life-long phobias, meaning that 9 out of 10 sufferers do find relief from their phobias, or the phobias just go away. There are certainly transitory, mild phobias in childhood, which can be triggered by something like seeing a graphic video or photographic image.
Different Kinds of Treatments are Available for Phobias
Exposure treatments make the sufferer "face up" to his or her phobia, sometimes to the extent of "flooding" the person with the feared experience.
Another treatment is counter-conditioning, in which the patient is taught a new response instead of panic. This teaching might include relaxationtechniques.
Stay Calm Yourself
If you believe your child has a phobia, not just a mild or transitory aversion, you should consult professional help. A less-than-systematic approach to dealing with a child’s phobia is almost certain to be less effective than a systematic approach supervised by a professional. Again, most childhood fears, even those that rise to the level of phobia, are transitory and treatable, so Don’t Panic! A calm, nurturing parent is a fearful child’s best ally!
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Mobiles
March 29, 2006
Some people appear to have an almost pathological emotional attachment to their cell phones and there is a fascinating suggestion that cell radiation pulses might actually be addictive to the human brain.. The Journal of Cellular Biochemistry reports that these frequencies cause cancer and other diseases by interfering with cellular DNA and its repairmechanisms. Microwave promotes rapid cell aging. Italian scientists have recently demonstrated that cell phone radiation makes cancerous cells grow aggressively. Cordless phones marked 900 megahertz or 2.4
gigahertz emit the same dangerous microwave radiation as cell phones. The connection between microwave exposure and cancer has been documented for years. During the Cold War, the Soviets irradiated the U.S. Embassy in Moscow , Russia , with issadeeb.netlow level, twin-beam microwave radiation. Two successive ambassadors developed leukemia. Other staffers also developed cancer, or their blood showed DNA damage, which precedes cancer.
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Business Plan Software
March 29, 2006
Business plans - financial projection - cash flow forecast - strategic plans - market planning
Software - shareware - free ware - template - sample - online tools - advice - guide
Save time - get expertise - improve results - achieve goals - save money
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